diff --git a/express/express-tests.ts b/express/express-tests.ts
index 27ba253c1..45e6b643e 100644
--- a/express/express-tests.ts
+++ b/express/express-tests.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ app.use(express.session());
 
 // Session-persisted message middleware
 
-app.use(function (req, res, next) {
+app.use((req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     var err = req.session.error
       , msg = req.session.success;
     delete req.session.error;
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ var users = <any>{
 // when you create a user, generate a salt
 // and hash the password ('foobar' is the pass here)
 
-hash('foobar', function (err, salt, hash) {
+hash('foobar', (err, salt, hash) => {
     if (err) throw err;
     // store the salt & hash in the "db"
     users.tj.salt = salt;
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ function authenticate(name, pass, fn) {
     // apply the same algorithm to the POSTed password, applying
     // the hash against the pass / salt, if there is a match we
     // found the user
-    hash(pass, user.salt, function (err, hash) {
+    hash(pass, user.salt, (err, hash) => {
         if (err) return fn(err);
         if (hash == user.hash) return fn(null, user);
         fn(new Error('invalid password'));
-    })
+    });
 }
 
 function restrict(req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next?: Function) {
@@ -74,32 +74,32 @@ function restrict(req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next?: Function)
     }
 }
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.redirect('login');
 });
 
-app.get('/restricted', restrict, function (req, res) {
+app.get('/restricted', restrict, (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('Wahoo! restricted area, click to <a href="/logout">logout</a>');
 });
 
-app.get('/logout', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/logout', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     // destroy the user's session to log them out
     // will be re-created next request
-    req.session.destroy(function () {
+    req.session.destroy(() => {
         res.redirect('/');
     });
 });
 
-app.get('/login', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/login', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.render('login');
 });
 
-app.post('/login', function (req, res) {
-    authenticate(req.body.username, req.body.password, function (err, user) {
+app.post('/login', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
+    authenticate(req.body.username, req.body.password, (err, user) => {
         if (user) {
             // Regenerate session when signing in
             // to prevent fixation 
-            req.session.regenerate(function () {
+            req.session.regenerate(() => {
                 // Store the user's primary key 
                 // in the session store to be retrieved,
                 // or in this case the entire user object
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ while (n--) {
 
 app.use(express.logger('dev'));
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.render('pets', { pets: pets });
 });
 
@@ -148,24 +148,24 @@ console.log('Express listening on port 3000');
 
 /////////////
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.format({
-        html: function () {
-            res.send('<ul>' + users.map(function (user) {
+        html: () => {
+            res.send('<ul>' + users.map(user => {
                 return '<li>' + user.name + '</li>';
             }).join('') + '</ul>');
         },
 
-        text: function () {
-            res.send(users.map(function (user) {
+        text: () => {
+            res.send(users.map(user => {
                 return ' - ' + user.name + '\n';
             }).join(''));
         },
 
-        json: function () {
+        json: () => {
             res.json(users);
         }
-    })
+    });
 });
 
 // or you could write a tiny middleware like
@@ -173,9 +173,9 @@ app.get('/', function (req, res) {
 
 function format(mod) {
     var obj = require(mod);
-    return function (req, res) {
+    return (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.format(obj);
-    }
+    };
 }
 
 app.get('/users', format('./users'));
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ app.use(express.cookieParser('my secret here'));
 // parses json, x-www-form-urlencoded, and multipart/form-data
 app.use(express.bodyParser());
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     if (req.cookies.remember) {
         res.send('Remembered :). Click to <a href="/forget">forget</a>!.');
     } else {
@@ -217,12 +217,12 @@ app.get('/', function (req, res) {
     }
 });
 
-app.get('/forget', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/forget', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.clearCookie('remember');
     res.redirect('back');
 });
 
-app.post('/', function (req, res) {
+app.post('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     var minute = 60000;
     if (req.body.remember) res.cookie('remember', 1, { maxAge: minute });
     res.redirect('back');
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ app.use(express.cookieSession());
 app.use(count);
 
 // custom middleware
-function count(req, res) {
+function count(req: express.Request, res: express.Response) {
     req.session.count = req.session.count || 0;
     var n = req.session.count++;
     res.send('viewed ' + n + ' times\n');
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ api.use(express.bodyParser());
  * CORS support.
  */
 
-api.all('*', function (req, res, next) {
+api.all('*', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     if (!req.get('Origin')) return next();
     // use "*" here to accept any origin
     res.set('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', 'http://localhost:3000');
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ api.all('*', function (req, res, next) {
  * POST a user.
  */
 
-api.post('/user', function (req, res) {
+api.post('/user', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     console.log(req.body);
     res.send(201);
 });
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ console.log('api listening on 3001');
 
 ////////////////////
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('<ul>'
       + '<li>Download <a href="/files/amazing.txt">amazing.txt</a>.</li>'
       + '<li>Download <a href="/files/missing.txt">missing.txt</a>.</li>'
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ app.get('/', function (req, res) {
 
 // /files/* is accessed via req.params[0]
 // but here we name it :file
-app.get('/files/:file(*)', function (req, res, next?) {
+app.get('/files/:file(*)', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     var file = req.params.file
       , path = __dirname + '/files/' + file;
 
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ app.get('/files/:file(*)', function (req, res, next?) {
 // below our routes, you will be able to
 // "intercept" errors, otherwise Connect
 // will respond with 500 "Internal Server Error".
-app.use(function (err, req, res, next) {
+app.use((err, req, res: express.Response, next) => {
     // special-case 404s,
     // remember you could
     // render a 404 template here
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
 // ex: res.render('users.html').
 app.set('view engine', 'html');
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.render('users', {
         users: users,
         title: "EJS example",
@@ -390,12 +390,12 @@ app.use(app.router);
 app.use(error);
 
 // error handling middleware have an arity of 4
-// instead of the typical (req, res, next),
+// instead of the typical (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next),
 // otherwise they behave exactly like regular
 // middleware, you may have several of them,
 // in different orders etc.
 
-function error(err, req, res, next) {
+function error(err, req, res: express.Response, next) {
     // log it
     if (!test) console.error(err.stack);
 
@@ -403,14 +403,14 @@ function error(err, req, res, next) {
     res.send(500);
 }
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', () => {
     // Caught and passed down to the errorHandler middleware
     throw new Error('something broke!');
 });
 
-app.get('/next', function (req, res, next) {
+app.get('/next', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     // We can also pass exceptions to next()
-    process.nextTick(function () {
+    process.nextTick(() => {
         next(new Error('oh no!'));
     });
 });
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ app.use(app.router);
 // $ curl http://localhost:3000/notfound -H "Accept: application/json"
 // $ curl http://localhost:3000/notfound -H "Accept: text/plain"
 
-app.use(function (req, res, next) {
+app.use((req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.status(404);
 
     // respond with html page
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ app.use(function (req, res, next) {
 
 // error-handling middleware, take the same form
 // as regular middleware, however they require an
-// arity of 4, aka the signature (err, req, res, next).
+// arity of 4, aka the signature (err, req, res: express.Response, next).
 // when connect has an error, it will invoke ONLY error-handling
 // middleware.
 
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ app.use(function (req, res, next) {
 // would remain being executed, however here
 // we simply respond with an error page.
 
-app.use(function (err, req, res, next) {
+app.use((err, req, res: express.Response) => {
     // we may use properties of the error object
     // here and next(err) appropriately, or if
     // we possibly recovered from the error, simply next().
@@ -501,25 +501,25 @@ app.use(function (err, req, res, next) {
 
 // Routes
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.render('index.jade');
 });
 
-app.get('/404', function (req, res, next) {
+app.get('/404', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     // trigger a 404 since no other middleware
     // will match /404 after this one, and we're not
     // responding here
     next();
 });
 
-app.get('/403', function (req, res, next) {
+app.get('/403', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     // trigger a 403 error
     var err = <any>new Error('not allowed!');
     err.status = 403;
     next(err);
 });
 
-app.get('/500', function (req, res, next) {
+app.get('/500', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     // trigger a generic (500) error
     next(new Error('keyboard cat!'));
 });
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ User.prototype.toJSON = function () {
     return {
         id: this.id,
         name: this.name
-    }
+    };
 };
 
 app.use(express.logger('dev'));
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ app.use(express.logger('dev'));
 // to the templates, so "expose" will
 // be present.
 
-app.use(function (req, res, next) {
+app.use((req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     res.locals.expose = {};
     // you could alias this as req or res.expose
     // to make it shorter and less annoying
@@ -572,16 +572,16 @@ app.use(function (req, res, next) {
 
 // pretend we loaded a user
 
-app.use(function (req, res, next) {
+app.use((req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     req.user = new User('Tobi');
     next();
 });
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.redirect('/user');
 });
 
-app.get('/user', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/user', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     // we only want to expose the user
     // to the client for this route:
     res.locals.expose.user = req.user;
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ console.log('app listening on port 3000');
 
 ///////////////////////
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('Hello World');
 });
 
@@ -604,33 +604,33 @@ console.log('Express started on port 3000');
 
 // register .md as an engine in express view system
 
-app.engine('md', function (path, options, fn) {
-    fs.readFile(path, 'utf8', function (err, str) {
+app.engine('md', (path, options, fn) => {
+    fs.readFile(path, 'utf8', (err, str) => {
         if (err) return fn(err);
         try {
             var html = md(str);
-            html = html.replace(/\{([^}]+)\}/g, function (_, name) {
+            html = html.replace(/\{([^}]+)\}/g, (_, name) => {
                 return options[name] || '';
-            })
+            });
             fn(null, html);
         } catch (err) {
             fn(err);
         }
     });
-})
+});
 
 app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
 
 // make it the default so we dont need .md
 app.set('view engine', 'md');
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.render('index', { title: 'Markdown Example' });
-})
+});
 
-app.get('/fail', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/fail', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.render('missing', { title: 'Markdown Example' });
-})
+});
 
 if (!module.parent) {
     app.listen(3000);
@@ -643,9 +643,9 @@ var mformat: any;
 
 // bodyParser in connect 2.x uses node-formidable to parse 
 // the multipart form data.
-app.use(express.bodyParser())
+app.use(express.bodyParser());
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">'
       + '<p>Title: <input type="text" name="title" /></p>'
       + '<p>Image: <input type="file" name="image" /></p>'
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ app.get('/', function (req, res) {
       + '</form>');
 });
 
-app.post('/', function (req, res, next) {
+app.post('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     // the uploaded file can be found as `req.files.image` and the
     // title field as `req.body.title`
     res.send(mformat('\nuploaded %s (%d Kb) to %s as %s'
@@ -680,7 +680,6 @@ if (!module.parent) {
  */
 
 var online: any;
-var redis: any;
 var db: any;
 
 // online
@@ -690,7 +689,7 @@ online = online(db);
 // activity tracking, in this case using
 // the UA string, you would use req.user.id etc
 
-app.use(function (req, res, next) {
+app.use((req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     // fire-and-forget
     online.add(req.headers['user-agent']);
     next();
@@ -701,7 +700,7 @@ app.use(function (req, res, next) {
  */
 
 function list(ids) {
-    return '<ul>' + ids.map(function (id) {
+    return '<ul>' + ids.map(id => {
         return '<li>' + id + '</li>';
     }).join('') + '</ul>';
 }
@@ -710,8 +709,8 @@ function list(ids) {
  * GET users online.
  */
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res, next) {
-    online.last(5, function (err, ids) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
+    online.last(5, (err, ids) => {
         if (err) return next(err);
         res.send('<p>Users online: ' + ids.length + '</p>' + list(ids));
     });
@@ -724,7 +723,7 @@ console.log('listening on port 3000');
 
 // Convert :to and :from to integers
 
-app.param(['to', 'from'], function (req, res, next, num, name) {
+app.param(['to', 'from'], (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next, num, name) => {
     req.params[name] = num = parseInt(num, 10);
     if (isNaN(num)) {
         next(new Error('failed to parseInt ' + num));
@@ -735,7 +734,7 @@ app.param(['to', 'from'], function (req, res, next, num, name) {
 
 // Load user by id
 
-app.param('user', function (req, res, next, id) {
+app.param('user', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next, id) => {
     if (req.user = users[id]) {
         next();
     } else {
@@ -747,7 +746,7 @@ app.param('user', function (req, res, next, id) {
  * GET index.
  */
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('Visit /user/0 or /users/0-2');
 });
 
@@ -755,7 +754,7 @@ app.get('/', function (req, res) {
  * GET :user.
  */
 
-app.get('/user/:user', function (req, res, next) {
+app.get('/user/:user', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('user ' + req.user.name);
 });
 
@@ -763,10 +762,10 @@ app.get('/user/:user', function (req, res, next) {
  * GET users :from - :to.
  */
 
-app.get('/users/:from-:to', function (req, res, next) {
+app.get('/users/:from-:to', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     var from = req.params.from
       , to = req.params.to
-      , names = users.map(function (user) { return user.name; });
+      , names = users.map(user => { return user.name; });
     res.send('users ' + names.slice(from, to).join(', '));
 });
 
@@ -781,7 +780,7 @@ if (!module.parent) {
 
 app.resource = function (path, obj) {
     this.get(path, obj.index);
-    this.get(path + '/:a..:b.:format?', function (req, res) {
+    this.get(path + '/:a..:b.:format?', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         var a = parseInt(req.params.a, 10)
           , b = parseInt(req.params.b, 10)
           , format = req.params.format;
@@ -794,19 +793,19 @@ app.resource = function (path, obj) {
 // Fake controller.
 
 var FUser = {
-    index: function (req, res) {
+    index: (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.send(users);
     },
-    show: function (req, res) {
+    show: (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.send(users[req.params.id] || { error: 'Cannot find user' });
     },
-    destroy: function (req, res) {
+    destroy: (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         var id = req.params.id;
         var destroyed = id in users;
         delete users[id];
         res.send(destroyed ? 'destroyed' : 'Cannot find user');
     },
-    range: function (req, res, a, b, format) {
+    range: (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, a, b, format) => {
         var range = users.slice(a, b + 1);
         switch (format) {
             case 'json':
@@ -814,7 +813,7 @@ var FUser = {
                 break;
             case 'html':
             default:
-                var html = '<ul>' + range.map(function (user) {
+                var html = '<ul>' + range.map(user => {
                     return '<li>' + user.name + '</li>';
                 }).join('\n') + '</ul>';
                 res.send(html);
@@ -831,7 +830,7 @@ var FUser = {
 
 app.resource('/users', FUser);
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send([
         '<h1>Examples:</h1> <ul>'
       , '<li>GET /users</li>'
@@ -854,7 +853,7 @@ if (!module.parent) {
 
 var verbose: any;
 
-app.map = function (a, route) {
+app.map = (a, route) => {
     route = route || '';
     for (var key in a) {
         switch (typeof a[key]) {
@@ -872,25 +871,25 @@ app.map = function (a, route) {
 };
 
 var users2 = {
-    list: function (req, res) {
+    list: (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.send('user list');
     },
 
-    get: function (req, res) {
+    get: (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.send('user ' + req.params.uid);
     },
 
-    del: function (req, res) {
+    del: (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.send('delete users');
     }
 };
 
 var pets2 = {
-    list: function (req, res) {
+    list: (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.send('user ' + req.params.uid + '\'s pets');
     },
 
-    del: function (req, res) {
+    del: (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.send('delete ' + req.params.uid + '\'s pet ' + req.params.pid);
     }
 };
@@ -922,7 +921,7 @@ app.listen(3000);
 //     curl http://localhost:3000/user/1/edit (unauthorized since this is not you)
 //     curl -X DELETE http://localhost:3000/user/0 (unauthorized since you are not an admin)
 
-function loadUser(req, res, next) {
+function loadUser(req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) {
     // You would fetch your user from the db
     var user = users[req.params.id];
     if (user) {
@@ -933,7 +932,7 @@ function loadUser(req, res, next) {
     }
 }
 
-function andRestrictToSelf(req, res, next) {
+function andRestrictToSelf(req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) {
     // If our authenticated user is the user we are viewing
     // then everything is fine :)
     if (req.authenticatedUser.id == req.user.id) {
@@ -948,13 +947,13 @@ function andRestrictToSelf(req, res, next) {
 }
 
 function andRestrictTo(role) {
-    return function (req, res, next) {
+    return (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
         if (req.authenticatedUser.role == role) {
             next();
         } else {
             next(new Error('Unauthorized'));
         }
-    }
+    };
 }
 
 // Middleware for faux authentication
@@ -962,24 +961,24 @@ function andRestrictTo(role) {
 // but this illustrates how an authenticated user
 // may interact with middleware
 
-app.use(function (req, res, next) {
+app.use((req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     req.authenticatedUser = users[0];
     next();
 });
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.redirect('/user/0');
 });
 
-app.get('/user/:id', loadUser, function (req, res) {
+app.get('/user/:id', loadUser, (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('Viewing user ' + req.user.name);
 });
 
-app.get('/user/:id/edit', loadUser, andRestrictToSelf, function (req, res) {
+app.get('/user/:id/edit', loadUser, andRestrictToSelf, (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('Editing user ' + req.user.name);
 });
 
-app.del('/user/:id', loadUser, andRestrictTo('admin'), function (req, res) {
+app.del('/user/:id', loadUser, andRestrictTo('admin'), (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('Deleted user ' + req.user.name);
 });
 
@@ -1003,7 +1002,7 @@ db.sadd('cat', 'luna');
  * GET the search page.
  */
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.render('search');
 });
 
@@ -1011,9 +1010,9 @@ app.get('/', function (req, res) {
  * GET search for :query.
  */
 
-app.get('/search/:query?', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/search/:query?', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     var query = req.params.query;
-    db.smembers(query, function (err, vals) {
+    db.smembers(query, (err, vals) => {
         if (err) return res.send(500);
         res.send(vals);
     });
@@ -1026,7 +1025,7 @@ app.get('/search/:query?', function (req, res) {
  * template.
  */
 
-app.get('/client.js', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/client.js', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.sendfile(__dirname + '/client.js');
 });
 
@@ -1045,7 +1044,7 @@ app.use(express.cookieParser('keyboard cat'));
 // Populates req.session
 app.use(express.session());
 
-app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     var body = '';
     if (req.session.views) {
         ++req.session.views;
@@ -1118,11 +1117,11 @@ var main = express();
 
 main.use(express.logger('dev'));
 
-main.get('/', function (req, res) {
-    res.send('Hello from main app!')
+main.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
+    res.send('Hello from main app!');
 });
 
-main.get('/:sub', function (req, res) {
+main.get('/:sub', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send('requsted ' + req.params.sub);
 });
 
@@ -1130,12 +1129,12 @@ main.get('/:sub', function (req, res) {
 
 var redirect = express();
 
-redirect.all('*', function (req, res) {
+redirect.all('*', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     console.log(req.subdomains);
     res.redirect('http://example.com:3000/' + req.subdomains[0]);
 });
 
-app.use(express.vhost('*.example.com', redirect))
+app.use(express.vhost('*.example.com', redirect));
 app.use(express.vhost('example.com', main));
 
 app.listen(3000);
@@ -1162,7 +1161,7 @@ function merror(status, msg) {
 // meaning only paths prefixed with "/api"
 // will cause this middleware to be invoked
 
-app.use('/api', function (req, res, next) {
+app.use('/api', (req, res: express.Response, next) => {
     var key = req.query['api-key'];
 
     // key isnt present
@@ -1186,7 +1185,7 @@ app.use(app.router);
 // it will be passed through the defined middleware
 // in order, but ONLY those with an arity of 4, ignoring
 // regular middleware.
-app.use(function (err, req, res, next) {
+app.use((err, req, res: express.Response) => {
     // whatever you want here, feel free to populate
     // properties on `err` to treat it differently in here.
     res.send(err.status || 500, { error: err.message });
@@ -1195,7 +1194,7 @@ app.use(function (err, req, res, next) {
 // our custom JSON 404 middleware. Since it's placed last
 // it will be the last middleware called, if all others
 // invoke next() and do not respond.
-app.use(function (req, res) {
+app.use((req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send(404, { error: "Lame, can't find that" });
 });
 
@@ -1223,15 +1222,15 @@ var userRepos = {
 // we now can assume the api key is valid,
 // and simply expose the data
 
-app.get('/api/users', function (req, res, next) {
+app.get('/api/users', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send(users);
 });
 
-app.get('/api/repos', function (req, res, next) {
+app.get('/api/repos', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
     res.send(repos);
 });
 
-app.get('/api/user/:name/repos', function (req, res, next) {
+app.get('/api/user/:name/repos', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
     var name = req.params.name
       , user = userRepos[name];
 
@@ -1248,19 +1247,19 @@ if (!module.parent) {
 
 function test_general() {
 
-    app.use(function (err, req, res, next) {
+    app.use((err, req, res: express.Response) => {
         console.error(err.stack);
         res.send(500, 'Something broke!');
     });
     app.use(express.bodyParser());
     app.use(express.methodOverride());
     app.use(app.router);
-    app.use(function (err, req, res, next) { });
+    app.use(() => {});
     app.use(express.bodyParser());
     app.use(express.methodOverride());
     app.use(app.router);
 
-    app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+    app.get('/', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.send('hello world');
     });
 
@@ -1285,18 +1284,18 @@ function test_general() {
         app.set('db uri', 'localhost/dev');
     });
 
-    app.configure('stage', 'production', function () { });
+    app.configure('stage', 'production', () => {});
 
-    app.configure('1', '2', '3', function () { });
+    app.configure('1', '2', '3', () => {});
 
-    app.use(function (req, res, next) {
+    app.use((req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         res.send('Hello World');
     });
 
     app.engine('jade', require('jade').__express);
 
     var User;
-    app.param('user', (req, res, next, id) => {
+    app.param('user', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next, id) => {
         User.find(id, (err, user) =>{
             if (err) {
                 next(err);
@@ -1309,7 +1308,7 @@ function test_general() {
         });
     });
 
-    app.get(/^\/commits\/(\d+)(?:\.\.(\d+))?$/, (req, res) => {
+    app.get(/^\/commits\/(\d+)(?:\.\.(\d+))?$/, (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         var from = req.params[0];
         var to = req.params[1] || 'HEAD';
         res.send('commit range ' + from + '..' + to);
@@ -1319,7 +1318,7 @@ function test_general() {
     app.locals.strftime = require('strftime');
 
     var requireAuthentication;
-    var loadUser = function () { };
+    var loadUser = () => {};
     app.all('*', requireAuthentication, loadUser);
     app.all('*', loadUser);
     app.all('*', loadUser, loadUser, loadUser);
@@ -1331,9 +1330,9 @@ function test_general() {
         phone: '1-250-858-9990',
         email: 'me@myapp.com'
     });
-    app.render('email', function (err, html) { });
+    app.render('email', () => {});
 
-    app.render('email', { name: 'Tobi' }, function (err, html) { });
+    app.render('email', { name: 'Tobi' }, () => {});
 }
 
 function test_request() {
@@ -1413,24 +1412,24 @@ function test_response() {
     res.type('application/json');
 
     res.format({
-        'text/plain': function () {
+        'text/plain': () => {
             res.send('hey');
         },
-        'text/html': function () {
+        'text/html': () => {
             res.send('hey');
         },
-        'application/json': function () {
+        'application/json': () => {
             res.send({ message: 'hey' });
         }
     });
 
     res.attachment();
     res.attachment('path/to/logo.png');
-    app.get('/user/:uid/photos/:file', function (req, res) {
+    app.get('/user/:uid/photos/:file', (req: express.Request, res: express.Response) => {
         var uid = req.params.uid
             , file = req.params.file;
 
-        req.user.mayViewFilesFrom(uid, function (yes) {
+        req.user.mayViewFilesFrom(uid, yes => {
             if (yes) {
                 res.sendfile('/uploads/' + uid + '/' + file);
             } else {
@@ -1441,7 +1440,7 @@ function test_response() {
 
     res.download('/report-12345.pdf');
     res.download('/report-12345.pdf', 'report.pdf');
-    res.download('/report-12345.pdf', 'report.pdf', function (err) {
+    res.download('/report-12345.pdf', 'report.pdf', err => {
         if (err) { } else { }
     });
 
@@ -1450,19 +1449,19 @@ function test_response() {
         last: 'http://api.example.com/users?page=5'
     });
 
-    app.use(function (req, res, next) {
+    app.use((req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next) => {
         res.locals.user = req.user;
         res.locals.authenticated = !req.user.anonymous;
         next();
     });
-    res.render('index', function (err, html) { });
-    res.render('user', { name: 'Tobi' }, function (err, html) { });
+    res.render('index', () => {});
+    res.render('user', { name: 'Tobi' }, () => {});
 
 }
 
 function test_middleware() {
     app.use(express.basicAuth('username', 'password'));
-    app.use(express.basicAuth(function (user, pass) {
+    app.use(express.basicAuth((user, pass) => {
         return 'tj' == user && 'wahoo' == pass;
     }));
     app.use(express.bodyParser());
diff --git a/express/express.d.ts b/express/express.d.ts
index 12456ac8e..6fa79fc76 100644
--- a/express/express.d.ts
+++ b/express/express.d.ts
@@ -125,6 +125,8 @@ declare module "express" {
             success: string;
 
             views: any;
+
+            count: number;
         }
 
         interface Request {
@@ -156,6 +158,8 @@ declare module "express" {
 
             header(name: string): string;
 
+            headers: string[];
+
             /**
              * Check if the given `type(s)` is acceptable, returning
              * the best match when true, otherwise `undefined`, in which
@@ -235,19 +239,8 @@ declare module "express" {
             /**
              * Return an array of Accepted media types
              * ordered from highest quality to lowest.
-             *
-             * Examples:
-             *
-             *     [ { value: 'application/json',
-             *         quality: 1,
-             *         type: 'application',
-             *         subtype: 'json' },
-             *       { value: 'text/html',
-             *         quality: 0.5,
-             *         type: 'text',
-             *         subtype: 'html' } ]
              */
-            accepted: any[];
+            accepted: MediaType[];
 
             /**
              * Return an array of Accepted languages
@@ -417,6 +410,8 @@ declare module "express" {
 
             user: any;
 
+            authenticatedUser: any;
+
             files: any;
 
             /**
@@ -434,6 +429,20 @@ declare module "express" {
             signedCookies: any;
 
             originalUrl: string;
+
+            url: string;
+        }
+
+        interface MediaType {
+            value: string;
+            quality: number;
+            type: string;
+            subtype:  string;
+        }
+
+        interface Send {
+            (status: number, body?: any): Response;
+            (body: any): Response;
         }
 
         interface Response extends http.ServerResponse {
@@ -469,11 +478,7 @@ declare module "express" {
              *     res.send(404, 'Sorry, cant find that');
              *     res.send(404);
              */
-            send(status: number): Response;
-
-            send(bodyOrStatus: any): Response;
-
-            send(status: number, body: any): Response;
+            send: Send;
 
             /**
              * Send JSON response.
@@ -485,11 +490,7 @@ declare module "express" {
              *     res.json(500, 'oh noes!');
              *     res.json(404, 'I dont have that');
              */
-            json(status: number): Response;
-
-            json(bodyOrStatus: any): Response;
-
-            json(status: number, body: any): Response;
+            json: Send;
 
             /**
              * Send JSON response with JSONP callback support.
@@ -501,11 +502,7 @@ declare module "express" {
              *     res.jsonp(500, 'oh noes!');
              *     res.jsonp(404, 'I dont have that');
              */
-            jsonp(status: number): Response;
-
-            jsonp(bodyOrStatus: any): Response;
-
-            jsonp(status: number, body: any): Response;
+            jsonp: Send;
 
             /**
              * Transfer the file at the given `path`.
@@ -884,7 +881,7 @@ declare module "express" {
              */
             param(name: string, fn: Function): Application;
 
-            param(name: any[], fn: Function): Application;
+            param(name: string[], fn: Function): Application;
 
             /**
              * Assign `setting` to `val`, or return `setting`'s value.