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Tadej Novak
36 lines
2.3 KiB
HTML
36 lines
2.3 KiB
HTML
<p class="lead">The description of the detector.</p>
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<h5><b>The particle detectors</b></h5>
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<p>
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Particle detectors are high-tech devices used to study the interactions of composite and elementary particles.
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The detected particles can originate from nuclear decays, cosmic radiation or interactions in a particle accelerator.
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Modern detectors, such as those used at the LHC consist of many components, of which many are specialized to detect certain particles or certain particle properties.
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</p>
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<h5><b>Layers</b></h5>
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<h5><span class="badge" style="background:#FFF371;"> </span> Tracker</h5>
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<p>
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The tracker helps us to calculate the momentum of charged particles. They bend due to magnetic field. The smaller the curve radius is, the less momentum the particle had. We also differentiate positive and negative particles based on the direction of the track.
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</p>
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<h5><span class="badge" style="background:#C5FF82;"> </span> Electromagnetic calorimeter</h5>
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<p>
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The Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) is used to measur with the energies of electrons and photons.
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</p>
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<h5><span class="badge" style="background:#E1FF79;"> </span> Hadronic calorimeter</h5>
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<p>
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The Hadron Calorimeter (HCAL) is used to measure the energy of hadrons, particles made of quarks and gluons. Some examples of them are protons, neutrons and pions. It also helps us detect neutrinos but indirectly. Energy needs to be conserved, so if we observe missing enery, this indicates neutrinos.
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</p>
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<h5><span class="badge" style="background:#EA301F;"> </span> Muon chamber</h5>
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<p>
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Muons are charged particles that are just like electrons and positrons, but are 200 times more massive. Because they can penetrate several metres of iron without interacting, the muon chamber is placed at the very edge of the detector where they are the only particles likely to register a signal.
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</p>
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<h5><b>Resources</b></h5>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_detector" target="_blank">Particle detectors on Wikipedia</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Muon_Solenoid" target="_blank">The CMS detector on Wikipedia</a></li>
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</ul>
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