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<div class="section" id="reading-and-writing-files">
<h1>Reading and Writing Files<a class="headerlink" href="#reading-and-writing-files" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<div class="section" id="reading-spatial-data">
<h2>Reading Spatial Data<a class="headerlink" href="#reading-spatial-data" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p><em>geopandas</em> can read almost any vector-based spatial data format including ESRI shapefile, GeoJSON files and more using the command:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">gpd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_file</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
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<p>which returns a GeoDataFrame object. (This is possible because <em>geopandas</em> makes use of the great <a class="reference external" href="http://toblerity.org/fiona/manual.html">fiona</a> library, which in turn makes use of a massive open-source program called <a class="reference external" href="http://www.gdal.org/">GDAL/OGR</a> designed to facilitate spatial data transformations).</p>
<p>Any arguments passed to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">read_file()</span></code> after the file name will be passed directly to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fiona.open</span></code>, which does the actual data importation. In general, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">read_file</span></code> is pretty smart and should do what you want without extra arguments, but for more help, type:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">fiona</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">help</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fiona</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
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<p>Among other things, one can explicitly set the driver (shapefile, GeoJSON) with the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">driver</span></code> keyword, or pick a single layer from a multi-layered file with the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">layer</span></code> keyword.</p>
<p><em>geopandas</em> can also get data from a PostGIS database using the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">read_postgis()</span></code> command.</p>
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<div class="section" id="writing-spatial-data">
<h2>Writing Spatial Data<a class="headerlink" href="#writing-spatial-data" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>GeoDataFrames can be exported to many different standard formats using the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">GeoDataFrame.to_file()</span></code> method. For a full list of supported formats, type <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">fiona;</span> <span class="pre">fiona.supported_drivers</span></code>.</p>
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