diff --git a/BUILD.bazel b/BUILD.bazel
index 2ea04ad60..ec103528e 100644
--- a/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1189,6 +1189,19 @@ cc_test(
     ],
 )
 
+cc_test(
+    name = "gcs_resource_manager_test",
+    srcs = [
+        "src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_resource_manager_test.cc",
+    ],
+    copts = COPTS,
+    deps = [
+        ":gcs_server_lib",
+        ":gcs_test_util_lib",
+        "@com_google_googletest//:gtest_main",
+    ],
+)
+
 cc_library(
     name = "service_based_gcs_client_lib",
     srcs = glob(
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.cc
index 88884cb68..2105bc900 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.cc
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.cc
@@ -94,10 +94,12 @@ void GcsNodeManager::NodeFailureDetector::ScheduleTick() {
 }
 
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-GcsNodeManager::GcsNodeManager(boost::asio::io_service &main_io_service,
-                               boost::asio::io_service &node_failure_detector_io_service,
-                               std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsPubSub> gcs_pub_sub,
-                               std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsTableStorage> gcs_table_storage)
+GcsNodeManager::GcsNodeManager(
+    boost::asio::io_service &main_io_service,
+    boost::asio::io_service &node_failure_detector_io_service,
+    std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsPubSub> gcs_pub_sub,
+    std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsTableStorage> gcs_table_storage,
+    std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsResourceManager> gcs_resource_manager)
     : main_io_service_(main_io_service),
       node_failure_detector_(new NodeFailureDetector(
           node_failure_detector_io_service, gcs_table_storage, gcs_pub_sub,
@@ -124,7 +126,8 @@ GcsNodeManager::GcsNodeManager(boost::asio::io_service &main_io_service,
       node_failure_detector_service_(node_failure_detector_io_service),
       heartbeat_timer_(main_io_service),
       gcs_pub_sub_(gcs_pub_sub),
-      gcs_table_storage_(gcs_table_storage) {
+      gcs_table_storage_(gcs_table_storage),
+      gcs_resource_manager_(gcs_resource_manager) {
   SendBatchedHeartbeat();
 }
 
@@ -349,7 +352,7 @@ void GcsNodeManager::HandleGetAllAvailableResources(
     const rpc::GetAllAvailableResourcesRequest &request,
     rpc::GetAllAvailableResourcesReply *reply,
     rpc::SendReplyCallback send_reply_callback) {
-  for (const auto &iter : GetClusterRealtimeResources()) {
+  for (const auto &iter : gcs_resource_manager_->GetClusterResources()) {
     rpc::AvailableResources resource;
     resource.set_node_id(iter.first.Binary());
     for (const auto &res : iter.second.GetResourceAmountMap()) {
@@ -477,8 +480,6 @@ std::shared_ptr<rpc::GcsNodeInfo> GcsNodeManager::RemoveNode(
     alive_nodes_.erase(iter);
     // Remove from cluster resources.
     cluster_resources_.erase(node_id);
-    // Remove from cluster realtime resources.
-    cluster_realtime_resources_.erase(node_id);
     heartbeat_buffer_.erase(node_id);
     if (!is_intended) {
       // Broadcast a warning to all of the drivers indicating that the node
@@ -535,18 +536,13 @@ void GcsNodeManager::StartNodeFailureDetector() {
 void GcsNodeManager::UpdateNodeRealtimeResources(
     const NodeID &node_id, const rpc::HeartbeatTableData &heartbeat) {
   if (!RayConfig::instance().light_heartbeat_enabled() ||
-      cluster_realtime_resources_.count(node_id) == 0 ||
+      gcs_resource_manager_->GetClusterResources().count(node_id) == 0 ||
       heartbeat.resources_available_changed()) {
-    cluster_realtime_resources_[node_id] =
-        ResourceSet(MapFromProtobuf(heartbeat.resources_available()));
+    gcs_resource_manager_->UpdateResources(
+        node_id, ResourceSet(MapFromProtobuf(heartbeat.resources_available())));
   }
 }
 
-const absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet>
-    &GcsNodeManager::GetClusterRealtimeResources() const {
-  return cluster_realtime_resources_;
-}
-
 void GcsNodeManager::UpdatePlacementGroupLoad(
     const std::shared_ptr<rpc::PlacementGroupLoad> placement_group_load) {
   placement_group_load_ = absl::make_optional(placement_group_load);
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.h b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.h
index 2bad2a0fb..41b70b957 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.h
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "ray/common/id.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/accessor.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_init_data.h"
+#include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_table_storage.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/pubsub/gcs_pub_sub.h"
 #include "ray/rpc/client_call.h"
@@ -39,11 +40,12 @@ class GcsNodeManager : public rpc::NodeInfoHandler {
   /// \param node_failure_detector_io_service The event loop of node failure detector.
   /// \param gcs_pub_sub GCS message publisher.
   /// \param gcs_table_storage GCS table external storage accessor.
-  /// when detecting the death of nodes.
+  /// \param gcs_resource_manager GCS resource manager.
   explicit GcsNodeManager(boost::asio::io_service &main_io_service,
                           boost::asio::io_service &node_failure_detector_io_service,
                           std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsPubSub> gcs_pub_sub,
-                          std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsTableStorage> gcs_table_storage);
+                          std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsTableStorage> gcs_table_storage,
+                          std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsResourceManager> gcs_resource_manager);
 
   /// Handle register rpc request come from raylet.
   void HandleRegisterNode(const rpc::RegisterNodeRequest &request,
@@ -176,9 +178,6 @@ class GcsNodeManager : public rpc::NodeInfoHandler {
   void UpdateNodeRealtimeResources(const NodeID &node_id,
                                    const rpc::HeartbeatTableData &heartbeat);
 
-  /// Get cluster realtime resources.
-  const absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> &GetClusterRealtimeResources() const;
-
   /// Update the placement group load information so that it will be reported through
   /// heartbeat.
   ///
@@ -295,8 +294,8 @@ class GcsNodeManager : public rpc::NodeInfoHandler {
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsPubSub> gcs_pub_sub_;
   /// Storage for GCS tables.
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsTableStorage> gcs_table_storage_;
-  /// Cluster realtime resources.
-  absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> cluster_realtime_resources_;
+  /// Gcs resource manager.
+  std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsResourceManager> gcs_resource_manager_;
   /// Placement group load information that is used for autoscaler.
   absl::optional<std::shared_ptr<rpc::PlacementGroupLoad>> placement_group_load_;
 
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_scheduler.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_scheduler.cc
index 56169a3b8..3c6b1ead2 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_scheduler.cc
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_scheduler.cc
@@ -23,11 +23,12 @@ namespace gcs {
 GcsPlacementGroupScheduler::GcsPlacementGroupScheduler(
     boost::asio::io_context &io_context,
     std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsTableStorage> gcs_table_storage,
-    const gcs::GcsNodeManager &gcs_node_manager,
+    const gcs::GcsNodeManager &gcs_node_manager, GcsResourceManager &gcs_resource_manager,
     ReserveResourceClientFactoryFn lease_client_factory)
     : return_timer_(io_context),
       gcs_table_storage_(std::move(gcs_table_storage)),
       gcs_node_manager_(gcs_node_manager),
+      gcs_resource_manager_(gcs_resource_manager),
       lease_client_factory_(std::move(lease_client_factory)) {
   scheduler_strategies_.push_back(std::make_shared<GcsPackStrategy>());
   scheduler_strategies_.push_back(std::make_shared<GcsSpreadStrategy>());
@@ -35,6 +36,24 @@ GcsPlacementGroupScheduler::GcsPlacementGroupScheduler(
   scheduler_strategies_.push_back(std::make_shared<GcsStrictSpreadStrategy>());
 }
 
+bool GcsScheduleStrategy::IsAvailableResourceSufficient(
+    const ResourceSet &available_resources, const ResourceSet &allocated_resources,
+    const ResourceSet &to_allocate_resources) const {
+  const auto &to_allocate_resource_capacity =
+      to_allocate_resources.GetResourceAmountMap();
+  for (const auto &resource_pair : to_allocate_resource_capacity) {
+    const auto &resource_name = resource_pair.first;
+    const auto &lhs_quantity = resource_pair.second;
+    const auto &rhs_quantity = available_resources.GetResource(resource_name) -
+                               allocated_resources.GetResource(resource_name);
+    if (lhs_quantity > rhs_quantity) {
+      // lhs capacity exceeds rhs capacity.
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 ScheduleMap GcsStrictPackStrategy::Schedule(
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<ray::BundleSpecification>> &bundles,
     const std::unique_ptr<ScheduleContext> &context) {
@@ -45,9 +64,8 @@ ScheduleMap GcsStrictPackStrategy::Schedule(
   }
 
   // Filter candidate nodes.
-  const auto &alive_nodes = context->node_manager_.GetClusterRealtimeResources();
   std::vector<std::pair<int64_t, NodeID>> candidate_nodes;
-  for (auto &node : alive_nodes) {
+  for (auto &node : context->cluster_resources_) {
     if (required_resources.IsSubset(node.second)) {
       candidate_nodes.emplace_back((*context->node_to_bundles_)[node.first], node.first);
     }
@@ -77,16 +95,14 @@ ScheduleMap GcsPackStrategy::Schedule(
   // First fill up a node. If the node resource is insufficient, select a new node.
   // TODO(ffbin): We will speed this up in next PR. Currently it is a double for loop.
   ScheduleMap schedule_map;
-  // TODO(WangTao): This copy might take too much space once cluster grows very large.
-  // Would find better solution.
-  absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> alive_nodes(
-      context->node_manager_.GetClusterRealtimeResources());
+  absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> allocated_resources;
   for (const auto &bundle : bundles) {
     const auto &required_resources = bundle->GetRequiredResources();
-    for (auto &node : alive_nodes) {
-      if (required_resources.IsSubset(node.second)) {
-        node.second.SubtractResourcesStrict(required_resources);
+    for (const auto &node : context->cluster_resources_) {
+      if (IsAvailableResourceSufficient(node.second, allocated_resources[node.first],
+                                        required_resources)) {
         schedule_map[bundle->BundleId()] = node.first;
+        allocated_resources[node.first].AddResources(required_resources);
         break;
       }
     }
@@ -105,25 +121,24 @@ ScheduleMap GcsSpreadStrategy::Schedule(
   // bundles will be deployed to the previous nodes. So we start with the next node of the
   // last selected node.
   ScheduleMap schedule_map;
-  // TODO(WangTao): This copy might take too much space once cluster grows very large.
-  // Would find better solution.
-  absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> candidate_nodes(
-      context->node_manager_.GetClusterRealtimeResources());
+  const auto &candidate_nodes = context->cluster_resources_;
   if (candidate_nodes.empty()) {
     return schedule_map;
   }
 
+  absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> allocated_resources;
   auto iter = candidate_nodes.begin();
   auto iter_begin = iter;
   for (const auto &bundle : bundles) {
     const auto &required_resources = bundle->GetRequiredResources();
-    // Traverse all nodes from `iter_begin` to `candidate_nodes.end()` to find a node that
-    // meets the resource requirements. `iter_begin` is the next node of the last selected
-    // node.
+    // Traverse all nodes from `iter_begin` to `candidate_nodes.end()` to find a node
+    // that meets the resource requirements. `iter_begin` is the next node of the last
+    // selected node.
     for (; iter != candidate_nodes.end(); ++iter) {
-      if (required_resources.IsSubset(iter->second)) {
-        iter->second.SubtractResourcesStrict(required_resources);
+      if (IsAvailableResourceSufficient(iter->second, allocated_resources[iter->first],
+                                        required_resources)) {
         schedule_map[bundle->BundleId()] = iter->first;
+        allocated_resources[iter->first].AddResources(required_resources);
         break;
       }
     }
@@ -138,9 +153,10 @@ ScheduleMap GcsSpreadStrategy::Schedule(
       if (iter_begin != candidate_nodes.begin()) {
         // Traverse all the nodes from `candidate_nodes.begin()` to `iter_begin`.
         for (iter = candidate_nodes.begin(); iter != iter_begin; ++iter) {
-          if (required_resources.IsSubset(iter->second)) {
-            iter->second.SubtractResourcesStrict(required_resources);
+          if (IsAvailableResourceSufficient(
+                  iter->second, allocated_resources[iter->first], required_resources)) {
             schedule_map[bundle->BundleId()] = iter->first;
+            allocated_resources[iter->first].AddResources(required_resources);
             break;
           }
         }
@@ -170,20 +186,23 @@ ScheduleMap GcsStrictSpreadStrategy::Schedule(
   // schedule bundles with special resource requirements first, which will be implemented
   // in the next pr.
   ScheduleMap schedule_map;
-  auto candidate_nodes = context->node_manager_.GetClusterRealtimeResources();
+  const auto &candidate_nodes = context->cluster_resources_;
 
   // The number of bundles is more than the number of nodes, scheduling fails.
   if (bundles.size() > candidate_nodes.size()) {
     return schedule_map;
   }
 
+  absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> allocated_resources;
   for (const auto &bundle : bundles) {
     const auto &required_resources = bundle->GetRequiredResources();
     auto iter = candidate_nodes.begin();
     for (; iter != candidate_nodes.end(); ++iter) {
-      if (required_resources.IsSubset(iter->second)) {
+      if (!allocated_resources.contains(iter->first) &&
+          IsAvailableResourceSufficient(iter->second, allocated_resources[iter->first],
+                                        required_resources)) {
         schedule_map[bundle->BundleId()] = iter->first;
-        candidate_nodes.erase(iter);
+        allocated_resources[iter->first].AddResources(required_resources);
         break;
       }
     }
@@ -518,8 +537,9 @@ std::unique_ptr<ScheduleContext> GcsPlacementGroupScheduler::GetScheduleContext(
 
   auto &bundle_locations =
       committed_bundle_location_index_.GetBundleLocations(placement_group_id);
-  return std::unique_ptr<ScheduleContext>(new ScheduleContext(
-      std::move(node_to_bundles), bundle_locations, gcs_node_manager_));
+  return std::unique_ptr<ScheduleContext>(
+      new ScheduleContext(std::move(node_to_bundles), bundle_locations,
+                          gcs_resource_manager_.GetClusterResources()));
 }
 
 absl::flat_hash_map<PlacementGroupID, std::vector<int64_t>>
@@ -609,7 +629,17 @@ void GcsPlacementGroupScheduler::DestroyPlacementGroupCommittedBundleResources(
 void BundleLocationIndex::AddBundleLocations(
     const PlacementGroupID &placement_group_id,
     std::shared_ptr<BundleLocations> bundle_locations) {
-  placement_group_to_bundle_locations_.emplace(placement_group_id, bundle_locations);
+  // Update `placement_group_to_bundle_locations_`.
+  // The placement group may be scheduled several times to succeed, so we need to merge
+  // `bundle_locations` instead of covering it directly.
+  auto iter = placement_group_to_bundle_locations_.find(placement_group_id);
+  if (iter == placement_group_to_bundle_locations_.end()) {
+    placement_group_to_bundle_locations_.emplace(placement_group_id, bundle_locations);
+  } else {
+    iter->second->insert(bundle_locations->begin(), bundle_locations->end());
+  }
+
+  // Update `node_to_leased_bundles_`.
   for (auto iter : *bundle_locations) {
     const auto &node_id = iter.second.first;
     if (!node_to_leased_bundles_.contains(node_id)) {
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_scheduler.h b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_scheduler.h
index 2444c4804..a57441f89 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_scheduler.h
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_scheduler.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "ray/common/id.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/accessor.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.h"
+#include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_table_storage.h"
 #include "ray/raylet_client/raylet_client.h"
 #include "ray/rpc/node_manager/node_manager_client.h"
@@ -87,17 +88,17 @@ class ScheduleContext {
  public:
   ScheduleContext(std::shared_ptr<absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, int64_t>> node_to_bundles,
                   const absl::optional<std::shared_ptr<BundleLocations>> bundle_locations,
-                  const GcsNodeManager &node_manager)
+                  const absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> &cluster_resources)
       : node_to_bundles_(std::move(node_to_bundles)),
         bundle_locations_(bundle_locations),
-        node_manager_(node_manager) {}
+        cluster_resources_(cluster_resources) {}
 
   // Key is node id, value is the number of bundles on the node.
   const std::shared_ptr<absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, int64_t>> node_to_bundles_;
   // The locations of existing bundles for this placement group.
   const absl::optional<std::shared_ptr<BundleLocations>> bundle_locations_;
-
-  const GcsNodeManager &node_manager_;
+  // The available resources of all nodes.
+  const absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> &cluster_resources_;
 };
 
 class GcsScheduleStrategy {
@@ -106,6 +107,18 @@ class GcsScheduleStrategy {
   virtual ScheduleMap Schedule(
       std::vector<std::shared_ptr<ray::BundleSpecification>> &bundles,
       const std::unique_ptr<ScheduleContext> &context) = 0;
+
+ protected:
+  /// Judge whether the remaining resources are sufficient for allocate.
+  ///
+  /// \param available_resources Total available resources.
+  /// \param allocated_resources Allocated resources.
+  /// \param to_allocate_resources Resources to be allocated.
+  /// \return True if allocated_resources + to_allocate_resources > available_resources.
+  /// False otherwise.
+  bool IsAvailableResourceSufficient(const ResourceSet &available_resources,
+                                     const ResourceSet &allocated_resources,
+                                     const ResourceSet &to_allocate_resources) const;
 };
 
 /// The `GcsPackStrategy` is that pack all bundles in one node as much as possible.
@@ -221,9 +234,9 @@ class LeaseStatusTracker {
   /// \return Location of bundles that succeed to prepare resources on a node.
   const std::shared_ptr<BundleLocations> &GetPreparedBundleLocations() const;
 
-  /// This method returns bundle locations that succeed to commit resources.
+  /// This method returns bundle locations that failed to commit resources.
   ///
-  /// \return Location of bundles that succeed to commit resources on a node.
+  /// \return Location of bundles that failed to commit resources on a node.
   const std::shared_ptr<BundleLocations> &GetUnCommittedBundleLocations() const;
 
   /// Return the leasing state.
@@ -345,10 +358,12 @@ class GcsPlacementGroupScheduler : public GcsPlacementGroupSchedulerInterface {
   /// \param io_context The main event loop.
   /// \param placement_group_info_accessor Used to flush placement_group info to storage.
   /// \param gcs_node_manager The node manager which is used when scheduling.
+  /// \param gcs_resource_manager The resource manager which is used when scheduling.
+  /// \param lease_client_factory Factory to create remote lease client.
   GcsPlacementGroupScheduler(
       boost::asio::io_context &io_context,
       std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsTableStorage> gcs_table_storage,
-      const GcsNodeManager &gcs_node_manager,
+      const GcsNodeManager &gcs_node_manager, GcsResourceManager &gcs_resource_manager,
       ReserveResourceClientFactoryFn lease_client_factory = nullptr);
 
   virtual ~GcsPlacementGroupScheduler() = default;
@@ -490,6 +505,9 @@ class GcsPlacementGroupScheduler : public GcsPlacementGroupSchedulerInterface {
   /// Reference of GcsNodeManager.
   const GcsNodeManager &gcs_node_manager_;
 
+  /// Reference of GcsResourceManager.
+  GcsResourceManager &gcs_resource_manager_;
+
   /// The cached node clients which are used to communicate with raylet to lease workers.
   absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, std::shared_ptr<ResourceReserveInterface>>
       remote_lease_clients_;
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eeb5630f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Ray Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.h"
+
+namespace ray {
+namespace gcs {
+
+const absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> &GcsResourceManager::GetClusterResources()
+    const {
+  return cluster_resources_;
+}
+
+void GcsResourceManager::UpdateResources(const NodeID &node_id,
+                                         const ResourceSet &resources) {
+  cluster_resources_[node_id] = resources;
+}
+
+void GcsResourceManager::RemoveResources(const NodeID &node_id) {
+  cluster_resources_.erase(node_id);
+}
+
+bool GcsResourceManager::AcquireResources(const NodeID &node_id,
+                                          const ResourceSet &required_resources) {
+  auto iter = cluster_resources_.find(node_id);
+  //
+  RAY_CHECK(iter != cluster_resources_.end()) << "Node " << node_id << " not exist.";
+  if (!required_resources.IsSubset(iter->second)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  iter->second.SubtractResourcesStrict(required_resources);
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool GcsResourceManager::ReleaseResources(const NodeID &node_id,
+                                          const ResourceSet &acquired_resources) {
+  auto iter = cluster_resources_.find(node_id);
+  if (iter != cluster_resources_.end()) {
+    iter->second.AddResources(acquired_resources);
+  }
+  // If node dead, we will not find the node. This is a normal scenario, so it returns
+  // true.
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace gcs
+}  // namespace ray
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.h b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0a38d07ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Ray Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+#pragma once
+
+#include "absl/container/flat_hash_map.h"
+#include "ray/common/task/scheduling_resources.h"
+
+namespace ray {
+namespace gcs {
+
+/// Gcs resource manager interface.
+/// It is used for actor and placement group scheduling.
+/// Non-thread safe.
+class GcsResourceManagerInterface {
+ public:
+  virtual ~GcsResourceManagerInterface() {}
+
+  /// Get the resources of all nodes in the cluster.
+  ///
+  /// \return The resources of all nodes in the cluster.
+  virtual const absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> &GetClusterResources() const = 0;
+
+  /// Update the resources of the specified node.
+  ///
+  /// \param node_id Id of a node.
+  /// \param resources Resources of a node.
+  virtual void UpdateResources(const NodeID &node_id, const ResourceSet &resources) = 0;
+
+  /// Remove the resources of the specified node.
+  ///
+  /// \param node_id Id of a node.
+  virtual void RemoveResources(const NodeID &node_id) = 0;
+
+  /// Acquire resources from the specified node. It will deduct directly from the node
+  /// resources.
+  ///
+  /// \param node_id Id of a node.
+  /// \param required_resources Resources to apply for.
+  /// \return True if acquire resources successfully. False otherwise.
+  virtual bool AcquireResources(const NodeID &node_id,
+                                const ResourceSet &required_resources) = 0;
+
+  /// Release the resources of the specified node. It will be added directly to the node
+  /// resources.
+  ///
+  /// \param node_id Id of a node.
+  /// \param acquired_resources Resources to release.
+  /// \return True if release resources successfully. False otherwise.
+  virtual bool ReleaseResources(const NodeID &node_id,
+                                const ResourceSet &acquired_resources) = 0;
+};
+
+/// Gcs resource manager implementation. It obtains the available resources of nodes
+/// through heartbeat reporting. Non-thread safe.
+class GcsResourceManager : public GcsResourceManagerInterface {
+ public:
+  virtual ~GcsResourceManager() = default;
+
+  const absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> &GetClusterResources() const;
+
+  void UpdateResources(const NodeID &node_id, const ResourceSet &resources);
+
+  void RemoveResources(const NodeID &node_id);
+
+  bool AcquireResources(const NodeID &node_id, const ResourceSet &required_resources);
+
+  bool ReleaseResources(const NodeID &node_id, const ResourceSet &acquired_resources);
+
+ private:
+  /// Map from node id to the resources of the node.
+  absl::flat_hash_map<NodeID, ResourceSet> cluster_resources_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace gcs
+}  // namespace ray
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_server.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_server.cc
index 3d634fe60..a5874ceef 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_server.cc
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_server.cc
@@ -65,7 +65,10 @@ void GcsServer::Start() {
 }
 
 void GcsServer::DoStart(const GcsInitData &gcs_init_data) {
-  // Init gcs node_manager.
+  // Init gcs resource manager.
+  InitGcsResourceManager();
+
+  // Init gcs node manager.
   InitGcsNodeManager(gcs_init_data);
 
   // Init gcs job manager.
@@ -134,7 +137,8 @@ void GcsServer::InitGcsNodeManager(const GcsInitData &gcs_init_data) {
     node_manager_io_service_.run();
   }));
   gcs_node_manager_ = std::make_shared<GcsNodeManager>(
-      main_service_, node_manager_io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_, gcs_table_storage_);
+      main_service_, node_manager_io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_, gcs_table_storage_,
+      gcs_resource_manager_);
   // Initialize by gcs tables data.
   gcs_node_manager_->Initialize(gcs_init_data);
   // Register service.
@@ -143,6 +147,10 @@ void GcsServer::InitGcsNodeManager(const GcsInitData &gcs_init_data) {
   rpc_server_.RegisterService(*node_info_service_);
 }
 
+void GcsServer::InitGcsResourceManager() {
+  gcs_resource_manager_ = std::make_shared<GcsResourceManager>();
+}
+
 void GcsServer::InitGcsJobManager() {
   RAY_CHECK(gcs_table_storage_ && gcs_pub_sub_);
   gcs_job_manager_.reset(new GcsJobManager(gcs_table_storage_, gcs_pub_sub_));
@@ -197,7 +205,7 @@ void GcsServer::InitGcsActorManager(const GcsInitData &gcs_init_data) {
 void GcsServer::InitGcsPlacementGroupManager(const GcsInitData &gcs_init_data) {
   RAY_CHECK(gcs_table_storage_ && gcs_node_manager_);
   auto scheduler = std::make_shared<GcsPlacementGroupScheduler>(
-      main_service_, gcs_table_storage_, *gcs_node_manager_,
+      main_service_, gcs_table_storage_, *gcs_node_manager_, *gcs_resource_manager_,
       /*lease_client_factory=*/
       [this](const rpc::Address &address) {
         auto node_manager_worker_client = rpc::NodeManagerWorkerClient::make(
@@ -285,6 +293,7 @@ void GcsServer::InstallEventListeners() {
         // node is removed from the GCS.
         gcs_placement_group_manager_->OnNodeDead(node_id);
         gcs_actor_manager_->OnNodeDead(node_id);
+        gcs_resource_manager_->RemoveResources(node_id);
       });
 
   // Install worker event listener.
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_server.h b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_server.h
index ef916151f..8d9d55c4b 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_server.h
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_server.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_init_data.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_object_manager.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_redis_failure_detector.h"
+#include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_table_storage.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/pubsub/gcs_pub_sub.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/redis_gcs_client.h"
@@ -77,6 +78,9 @@ class GcsServer {
   /// Initialize gcs node manager.
   void InitGcsNodeManager(const GcsInitData &gcs_init_data);
 
+  /// Initialize gcs resource manager.
+  void InitGcsResourceManager();
+
   /// Initialize gcs job manager.
   void InitGcsJobManager();
 
@@ -127,6 +131,8 @@ class GcsServer {
   rpc::GrpcServer rpc_server_;
   /// The `ClientCallManager` object that is shared by all `NodeManagerWorkerClient`s.
   rpc::ClientCallManager client_call_manager_;
+  /// The gcs resource manager.
+  std::shared_ptr<GcsResourceManager> gcs_resource_manager_;
   /// The gcs node manager.
   std::shared_ptr<GcsNodeManager> gcs_node_manager_;
   /// The gcs redis failure detector.
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_actor_scheduler_test.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_actor_scheduler_test.cc
index 00460a8b2..6be265678 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_actor_scheduler_test.cc
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_actor_scheduler_test.cc
@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@ class GcsActorSchedulerTest : public ::testing::Test {
     worker_client_ = std::make_shared<GcsServerMocker::MockWorkerClient>();
     gcs_pub_sub_ = std::make_shared<GcsServerMocker::MockGcsPubSub>(redis_client_);
     gcs_table_storage_ = std::make_shared<gcs::RedisGcsTableStorage>(redis_client_);
-    gcs_node_manager_ = std::make_shared<gcs::GcsNodeManager>(
-        io_service_, io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_, gcs_table_storage_);
+    gcs_resource_manager_ = std::make_shared<gcs::GcsResourceManager>();
+    gcs_node_manager_ =
+        std::make_shared<gcs::GcsNodeManager>(io_service_, io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_,
+                                              gcs_table_storage_, gcs_resource_manager_);
     store_client_ = std::make_shared<gcs::InMemoryStoreClient>(io_service_);
     gcs_actor_table_ =
         std::make_shared<GcsServerMocker::MockedGcsActorTable>(store_client_);
@@ -54,6 +56,7 @@ class GcsActorSchedulerTest : public ::testing::Test {
   std::shared_ptr<GcsServerMocker::MockedGcsActorTable> gcs_actor_table_;
   std::shared_ptr<GcsServerMocker::MockRayletClient> raylet_client_;
   std::shared_ptr<GcsServerMocker::MockWorkerClient> worker_client_;
+  std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsResourceManager> gcs_resource_manager_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsNodeManager> gcs_node_manager_;
   std::shared_ptr<GcsServerMocker::MockedGcsActorScheduler> gcs_actor_scheduler_;
   std::vector<std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsActor>> success_actors_;
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_node_manager_test.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_node_manager_test.cc
index a9dfaa9a0..17ea70e8d 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_node_manager_test.cc
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_node_manager_test.cc
@@ -29,12 +29,13 @@ class GcsNodeManagerTest : public ::testing::Test {
   std::shared_ptr<GcsServerMocker::MockGcsPubSub> gcs_pub_sub_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::RedisClient> redis_client_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsTableStorage> gcs_table_storage_;
+  std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsResourceManager> gcs_resource_manager_;
 };
 
 TEST_F(GcsNodeManagerTest, TestManagement) {
   boost::asio::io_service io_service;
   gcs::GcsNodeManager node_manager(io_service, io_service, gcs_pub_sub_,
-                                   gcs_table_storage_);
+                                   gcs_table_storage_, gcs_resource_manager_);
   // Test Add/Get/Remove functionality.
   auto node = Mocker::GenNodeInfo();
   auto node_id = NodeID::FromBinary(node->node_id());
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ TEST_F(GcsNodeManagerTest, TestManagement) {
 TEST_F(GcsNodeManagerTest, TestListener) {
   boost::asio::io_service io_service;
   gcs::GcsNodeManager node_manager(io_service, io_service, gcs_pub_sub_,
-                                   gcs_table_storage_);
+                                   gcs_table_storage_, gcs_resource_manager_);
   // Test AddNodeAddedListener.
   int node_count = 1000;
   std::vector<std::shared_ptr<rpc::GcsNodeInfo>> added_nodes;
@@ -86,30 +87,6 @@ TEST_F(GcsNodeManagerTest, TestListener) {
   }
 }
 
-TEST_F(GcsNodeManagerTest, TestGetClusterRealtimeResources) {
-  boost::asio::io_service io_service;
-  gcs::GcsNodeManager node_manager(io_service, io_service, gcs_pub_sub_,
-                                   gcs_table_storage_);
-
-  auto node_id = NodeID::FromRandom();
-  rpc::HeartbeatTableData heartbeat;
-  const std::string cpu_resource = "CPU";
-  (*heartbeat.mutable_resources_available())[cpu_resource] = 10;
-  node_manager.UpdateNodeRealtimeResources(node_id, heartbeat);
-  auto node_resources = node_manager.GetClusterRealtimeResources();
-
-  ResourceSet required_resources;
-  required_resources.AddOrUpdateResource(cpu_resource, 9);
-  ASSERT_TRUE(required_resources.IsSubset(node_resources[node_id]));
-  required_resources.AddOrUpdateResource(cpu_resource, 10);
-  ASSERT_TRUE(required_resources.IsSubset(node_resources[node_id]));
-  required_resources.AddOrUpdateResource(cpu_resource, 10.1);
-  ASSERT_FALSE(required_resources.IsSubset(node_resources[node_id]));
-  required_resources.DeleteResource(cpu_resource);
-  required_resources.AddOrUpdateResource("GPU", 9);
-  ASSERT_FALSE(required_resources.IsSubset(node_resources[node_id]));
-}
-
 }  // namespace ray
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_object_manager_test.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_object_manager_test.cc
index cd6f143fe..6d4484c7d 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_object_manager_test.cc
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_object_manager_test.cc
@@ -54,8 +54,10 @@ class GcsObjectManagerTest : public ::testing::Test {
  public:
   void SetUp() override {
     gcs_table_storage_ = std::make_shared<gcs::InMemoryGcsTableStorage>(io_service_);
-    gcs_node_manager_ = std::make_shared<gcs::GcsNodeManager>(
-        io_service_, io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_, gcs_table_storage_);
+    gcs_resource_manager_ = std::make_shared<gcs::GcsResourceManager>();
+    gcs_node_manager_ =
+        std::make_shared<gcs::GcsNodeManager>(io_service_, io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_,
+                                              gcs_table_storage_, gcs_resource_manager_);
     gcs_object_manager_ = std::make_shared<MockedGcsObjectManager>(
         gcs_table_storage_, gcs_pub_sub_, *gcs_node_manager_);
     GenTestData();
@@ -83,6 +85,7 @@ class GcsObjectManagerTest : public ::testing::Test {
 
  protected:
   boost::asio::io_service io_service_;
+  std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsResourceManager> gcs_resource_manager_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsNodeManager> gcs_node_manager_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::RedisGcsClient> gcs_client_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsPubSub> gcs_pub_sub_;
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_placement_group_manager_test.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_placement_group_manager_test.cc
index 9f6050ace..80b83ea81 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_placement_group_manager_test.cc
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_placement_group_manager_test.cc
@@ -68,8 +68,10 @@ class GcsPlacementGroupManagerTest : public ::testing::Test {
       : mock_placement_group_scheduler_(new MockPlacementGroupScheduler()) {
     gcs_pub_sub_ = std::make_shared<GcsServerMocker::MockGcsPubSub>(redis_client_);
     gcs_table_storage_ = std::make_shared<gcs::InMemoryGcsTableStorage>(io_service_);
-    gcs_node_manager_ = std::make_shared<gcs::GcsNodeManager>(
-        io_service_, io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_, gcs_table_storage_);
+    gcs_resource_manager_ = std::make_shared<gcs::GcsResourceManager>();
+    gcs_node_manager_ =
+        std::make_shared<gcs::GcsNodeManager>(io_service_, io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_,
+                                              gcs_table_storage_, gcs_resource_manager_);
     gcs_placement_group_manager_.reset(
         new gcs::GcsPlacementGroupManager(io_service_, mock_placement_group_scheduler_,
                                           gcs_table_storage_, *gcs_node_manager_));
@@ -103,6 +105,7 @@ class GcsPlacementGroupManagerTest : public ::testing::Test {
   std::unique_ptr<std::thread> thread_io_service_;
   boost::asio::io_service io_service_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsTableStorage> gcs_table_storage_;
+  std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsResourceManager> gcs_resource_manager_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsNodeManager> gcs_node_manager_;
   std::shared_ptr<GcsServerMocker::MockGcsPubSub> gcs_pub_sub_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::RedisClient> redis_client_;
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_placement_group_scheduler_test.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_placement_group_scheduler_test.cc
index 021ccdef4..7ecb34fe0 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_placement_group_scheduler_test.cc
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_placement_group_scheduler_test.cc
@@ -40,12 +40,14 @@ class GcsPlacementGroupSchedulerTest : public ::testing::Test {
     }
     gcs_table_storage_ = std::make_shared<gcs::InMemoryGcsTableStorage>(io_service_);
     gcs_pub_sub_ = std::make_shared<GcsServerMocker::MockGcsPubSub>(redis_client_);
-    gcs_node_manager_ = std::make_shared<gcs::GcsNodeManager>(
-        io_service_, io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_, gcs_table_storage_);
+    gcs_resource_manager_ = std::make_shared<gcs::GcsResourceManager>();
+    gcs_node_manager_ =
+        std::make_shared<gcs::GcsNodeManager>(io_service_, io_service_, gcs_pub_sub_,
+                                              gcs_table_storage_, gcs_resource_manager_);
     gcs_table_storage_ = std::make_shared<gcs::InMemoryGcsTableStorage>(io_service_);
     store_client_ = std::make_shared<gcs::InMemoryStoreClient>(io_service_);
     scheduler_ = std::make_shared<GcsServerMocker::MockedGcsPlacementGroupScheduler>(
-        io_service_, gcs_table_storage_, *gcs_node_manager_,
+        io_service_, gcs_table_storage_, *gcs_node_manager_, *gcs_resource_manager_,
         /*lease_client_fplacement_groupy=*/
         [this](const rpc::Address &address) { return raylet_clients_[address.port()]; });
   }
@@ -98,6 +100,7 @@ class GcsPlacementGroupSchedulerTest : public ::testing::Test {
   void AddNode(const std::shared_ptr<rpc::GcsNodeInfo> &node, int cpu_num = 10) {
     gcs_node_manager_->AddNode(node);
     rpc::HeartbeatTableData heartbeat;
+    heartbeat.set_client_id(node->node_id());
     (*heartbeat.mutable_resources_available())["CPU"] = cpu_num;
     gcs_node_manager_->UpdateNodeRealtimeResources(NodeID::FromBinary(node->node_id()),
                                                    heartbeat);
@@ -202,6 +205,7 @@ class GcsPlacementGroupSchedulerTest : public ::testing::Test {
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::StoreClient> store_client_;
 
   std::vector<std::shared_ptr<GcsServerMocker::MockRayletResourceClient>> raylet_clients_;
+  std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsResourceManager> gcs_resource_manager_;
   std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsNodeManager> gcs_node_manager_;
   std::shared_ptr<GcsServerMocker::MockedGcsPlacementGroupScheduler> scheduler_;
   std::vector<std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsPlacementGroup>> success_placement_groups_
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_resource_manager_test.cc b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_resource_manager_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5e3343d3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_resource_manager_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Ray Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.h"
+#include "ray/gcs/test/gcs_test_util.h"
+
+namespace ray {
+
+using ::testing::_;
+
+class GcsResourceManagerTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ public:
+  GcsResourceManagerTest() {
+    gcs_resource_manager_ = std::make_shared<gcs::GcsResourceManager>();
+  }
+
+  std::shared_ptr<gcs::GcsResourceManagerInterface> gcs_resource_manager_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(GcsResourceManagerTest, TestBasic) {
+  // Add node resources.
+  auto node_id = NodeID::FromRandom();
+  const std::string cpu_resource = "CPU";
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, double> resource_map;
+  resource_map[cpu_resource] = 10;
+  ResourceSet resource_set(resource_map);
+  gcs_resource_manager_->UpdateResources(node_id, resource_set);
+
+  // Get and check cluster resources.
+  const auto &cluster_resource = gcs_resource_manager_->GetClusterResources();
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, cluster_resource.size());
+
+  // Test `AcquireResources`.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(gcs_resource_manager_->AcquireResources(node_id, resource_set));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(gcs_resource_manager_->AcquireResources(node_id, resource_set));
+
+  // Test `ReleaseResources`.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(
+      gcs_resource_manager_->ReleaseResources(NodeID::FromRandom(), resource_set));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(gcs_resource_manager_->ReleaseResources(node_id, resource_set));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(gcs_resource_manager_->AcquireResources(node_id, resource_set));
+}
+
+}  // namespace ray
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+  return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_server_test_util.h b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_server_test_util.h
index 4e482b55a..4477a1ef5 100644
--- a/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_server_test_util.h
+++ b/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server/test/gcs_server_test_util.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_node_manager.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_manager.h"
 #include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_placement_group_scheduler.h"
+#include "ray/gcs/gcs_server/gcs_resource_manager.h"
 #include "ray/util/asio_util.h"
 
 namespace ray {