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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
Implementation of <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11239">Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model</a> in Pytorch. It is a new approach to generative modeling that may <a href="https://ajolicoeur.wordpress.com/the-new-contender-to-gans-score-matching-with-langevin-sampling/">have the potential</a> to rival GANs. It uses denoising score matching to estimate the gradient of the data distribution, followed by Langevin sampling to sample from the true distribution.
This implementation was transcribed from the official Tensorflow version <a href="https://github.com/hojonathanho/diffusion">here</a> and then modified to use <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.03545">ConvNext</a> blocks instead of Resnets.
This implementation was transcribed from the official Tensorflow version <a href="https://github.com/hojonathanho/diffusion">here</a>
<img src="./sample.png" width="500px"><img>
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ diffusion = GaussianDiffusion(
loss_type = 'l1' # L1 or L2
)
training_images = torch.randn(8, 3, 128, 128)
training_images = torch.randn(8, 3, 128, 128) # your images need to be normalized from a range of -1 to +1
loss = diffusion(training_images)
loss.backward()
# after a lot of training
@@ -79,34 +79,32 @@ Samples and model checkpoints will be logged to `./results` periodically
## Citations
```bibtex
@misc{ho2020denoising,
title = {Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models},
author = {Jonathan Ho and Ajay Jain and Pieter Abbeel},
year = {2020},
eprint = {2006.11239},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
primaryClass = {cs.LG}
@inproceedings{NEURIPS2020_4c5bcfec,
author = {Ho, Jonathan and Jain, Ajay and Abbeel, Pieter},
booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
editor = {H. Larochelle and M. Ranzato and R. Hadsell and M.F. Balcan and H. Lin},
pages = {6840--6851},
publisher = {Curran Associates, Inc.},
title = {Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models},
url = {https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2020/file/4c5bcfec8584af0d967f1ab10179ca4b-Paper.pdf},
volume = {33},
year = {2020}
}
```
```bibtex
@inproceedings{anonymous2021improved,
title = {Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models},
author = {Anonymous},
booktitle = {Submitted to International Conference on Learning Representations},
year = {2021},
url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=-NEXDKk8gZ},
note = {under review}
}
```
```bibtex
@misc{liu2022convnet,
title = {A ConvNet for the 2020s},
author = {Zhuang Liu and Hanzi Mao and Chao-Yuan Wu and Christoph Feichtenhofer and Trevor Darrell and Saining Xie},
year = {2022},
eprint = {2201.03545},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
primaryClass = {cs.CV}
@InProceedings{pmlr-v139-nichol21a,
title = {Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models},
author = {Nichol, Alexander Quinn and Dhariwal, Prafulla},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Machine Learning},
pages = {8162--8171},
year = {2021},
editor = {Meila, Marina and Zhang, Tong},
volume = {139},
series = {Proceedings of Machine Learning Research},
month = {18--24 Jul},
publisher = {PMLR},
pdf = {http://proceedings.mlr.press/v139/nichol21a/nichol21a.pdf},
url = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v139/nichol21a.html},
}
```
+1
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@@ -1 +1,2 @@
from denoising_diffusion_pytorch.denoising_diffusion_pytorch import GaussianDiffusion, Unet, Trainer
from denoising_diffusion_pytorch.learned_gaussian_diffusion import LearnedGaussianDiffusion
@@ -40,6 +40,12 @@ def num_to_groups(num, divisor):
arr.append(remainder)
return arr
def normalize_to_neg_one_to_one(img):
return img * 2 - 1
def unnormalize_to_zero_to_one(t):
return (t + 1) * 0.5
# small helper modules
class EMA():
@@ -109,36 +115,37 @@ class PreNorm(nn.Module):
# building block modules
class ConvNextBlock(nn.Module):
""" https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.03545 """
class Block(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, dim, dim_out, groups = 8):
super().__init__()
self.block = nn.Sequential(
nn.Conv2d(dim, dim_out, 3, padding = 1),
nn.GroupNorm(groups, dim_out),
nn.SiLU()
)
def forward(self, x):
return self.block(x)
def __init__(self, dim, dim_out, *, time_emb_dim = None, mult = 2, norm = True):
class ResnetBlock(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, dim, dim_out, *, time_emb_dim = None, groups = 8):
super().__init__()
self.mlp = nn.Sequential(
nn.GELU(),
nn.Linear(time_emb_dim, dim)
nn.SiLU(),
nn.Linear(time_emb_dim, dim_out)
) if exists(time_emb_dim) else None
self.ds_conv = nn.Conv2d(dim, dim, 7, padding = 3, groups = dim)
self.net = nn.Sequential(
LayerNorm(dim) if norm else nn.Identity(),
nn.Conv2d(dim, dim_out * mult, 3, padding = 1),
nn.GELU(),
nn.Conv2d(dim_out * mult, dim_out, 3, padding = 1)
)
self.block1 = Block(dim, dim_out, groups = groups)
self.block2 = Block(dim_out, dim_out, groups = groups)
self.res_conv = nn.Conv2d(dim, dim_out, 1) if dim != dim_out else nn.Identity()
def forward(self, x, time_emb = None):
h = self.ds_conv(x)
h = self.block1(x)
if exists(self.mlp):
assert exists(time_emb), 'time emb must be passed in'
condition = self.mlp(time_emb)
h = h + rearrange(condition, 'b c -> b c 1 1')
if exists(self.mlp) and exists(time_emb):
time_emb = self.mlp(time_emb)
h = rearrange(time_emb, 'b c -> b c 1 1') + h
h = self.net(h)
h = self.block2(h)
return h + self.res_conv(x)
class LinearAttention(nn.Module):
@@ -148,15 +155,21 @@ class LinearAttention(nn.Module):
self.heads = heads
hidden_dim = dim_head * heads
self.to_qkv = nn.Conv2d(dim, hidden_dim * 3, 1, bias = False)
self.to_out = nn.Conv2d(hidden_dim, dim, 1)
self.to_out = nn.Sequential(
nn.Conv2d(hidden_dim, dim, 1),
LayerNorm(dim)
)
def forward(self, x):
b, c, h, w = x.shape
qkv = self.to_qkv(x).chunk(3, dim = 1)
q, k, v = map(lambda t: rearrange(t, 'b (h c) x y -> b h c (x y)', h = self.heads), qkv)
q = q * self.scale
q = q.softmax(dim = -2)
k = k.softmax(dim = -1)
q = q * self.scale
context = torch.einsum('b h d n, b h e n -> b h d e', k, v)
out = torch.einsum('b h d e, b h d n -> b h e n', context, q)
@@ -196,9 +209,14 @@ class Unet(nn.Module):
out_dim = None,
dim_mults=(1, 2, 4, 8),
channels = 3,
with_time_emb = True
with_time_emb = True,
resnet_block_groups = 8,
learned_variance = False
):
super().__init__()
# determine dimensions
self.channels = channels
init_dim = default(init_dim, dim // 3 * 2)
@@ -207,6 +225,10 @@ class Unet(nn.Module):
dims = [init_dim, *map(lambda m: dim * m, dim_mults)]
in_out = list(zip(dims[:-1], dims[1:]))
block_klass = partial(ResnetBlock, groups = resnet_block_groups)
# time embeddings
if with_time_emb:
time_dim = dim * 4
self.time_mlp = nn.Sequential(
@@ -219,6 +241,8 @@ class Unet(nn.Module):
time_dim = None
self.time_mlp = None
# layers
self.downs = nn.ModuleList([])
self.ups = nn.ModuleList([])
num_resolutions = len(in_out)
@@ -227,31 +251,33 @@ class Unet(nn.Module):
is_last = ind >= (num_resolutions - 1)
self.downs.append(nn.ModuleList([
ConvNextBlock(dim_in, dim_out, time_emb_dim = time_dim, norm = ind != 0),
ConvNextBlock(dim_out, dim_out, time_emb_dim = time_dim),
block_klass(dim_in, dim_out, time_emb_dim = time_dim),
block_klass(dim_out, dim_out, time_emb_dim = time_dim),
Residual(PreNorm(dim_out, LinearAttention(dim_out))),
Downsample(dim_out) if not is_last else nn.Identity()
]))
mid_dim = dims[-1]
self.mid_block1 = ConvNextBlock(mid_dim, mid_dim, time_emb_dim = time_dim)
self.mid_block1 = block_klass(mid_dim, mid_dim, time_emb_dim = time_dim)
self.mid_attn = Residual(PreNorm(mid_dim, Attention(mid_dim)))
self.mid_block2 = ConvNextBlock(mid_dim, mid_dim, time_emb_dim = time_dim)
self.mid_block2 = block_klass(mid_dim, mid_dim, time_emb_dim = time_dim)
for ind, (dim_in, dim_out) in enumerate(reversed(in_out[1:])):
is_last = ind >= (num_resolutions - 1)
self.ups.append(nn.ModuleList([
ConvNextBlock(dim_out * 2, dim_in, time_emb_dim = time_dim),
ConvNextBlock(dim_in, dim_in, time_emb_dim = time_dim),
block_klass(dim_out * 2, dim_in, time_emb_dim = time_dim),
block_klass(dim_in, dim_in, time_emb_dim = time_dim),
Residual(PreNorm(dim_in, LinearAttention(dim_in))),
Upsample(dim_in) if not is_last else nn.Identity()
]))
out_dim = default(out_dim, channels)
default_out_dim = channels * (1 if not learned_variance else 2)
self.out_dim = default(out_dim, default_out_dim)
self.final_conv = nn.Sequential(
ConvNextBlock(dim, dim),
nn.Conv2d(dim, out_dim, 1)
block_klass(dim, dim),
nn.Conv2d(dim, self.out_dim, 1)
)
def forward(self, x, time):
@@ -261,9 +287,9 @@ class Unet(nn.Module):
h = []
for convnext, convnext2, attn, downsample in self.downs:
x = convnext(x, t)
x = convnext2(x, t)
for block1, block2, attn, downsample in self.downs:
x = block1(x, t)
x = block2(x, t)
x = attn(x)
h.append(x)
x = downsample(x)
@@ -272,10 +298,10 @@ class Unet(nn.Module):
x = self.mid_attn(x)
x = self.mid_block2(x, t)
for convnext, convnext2, attn, upsample in self.ups:
for block1, block2, attn, upsample in self.ups:
x = torch.cat((x, h.pop()), dim=1)
x = convnext(x, t)
x = convnext2(x, t)
x = block1(x, t)
x = block2(x, t)
x = attn(x)
x = upsample(x)
@@ -299,7 +325,7 @@ def cosine_beta_schedule(timesteps, s = 0.008):
as proposed in https://openreview.net/forum?id=-NEXDKk8gZ
"""
steps = timesteps + 1
x = torch.linspace(0, timesteps, steps)
x = torch.linspace(0, timesteps, steps, dtype = torch.float64)
alphas_cumprod = torch.cos(((x / timesteps) + s) / (1 + s) * torch.pi * 0.5) ** 2
alphas_cumprod = alphas_cumprod / alphas_cumprod[0]
betas = 1 - (alphas_cumprod[1:] / alphas_cumprod[:-1])
@@ -316,6 +342,8 @@ class GaussianDiffusion(nn.Module):
loss_type = 'l1'
):
super().__init__()
assert not (type(self) == GaussianDiffusion and denoise_fn.channels != denoise_fn.out_dim)
self.channels = channels
self.image_size = image_size
self.denoise_fn = denoise_fn
@@ -330,17 +358,21 @@ class GaussianDiffusion(nn.Module):
self.num_timesteps = int(timesteps)
self.loss_type = loss_type
self.register_buffer('betas', betas)
self.register_buffer('alphas_cumprod', alphas_cumprod)
self.register_buffer('alphas_cumprod_prev', alphas_cumprod_prev)
# helper function to register buffer from float64 to float32
register_buffer = lambda name, val: self.register_buffer(name, val.to(torch.float32))
register_buffer('betas', betas)
register_buffer('alphas_cumprod', alphas_cumprod)
register_buffer('alphas_cumprod_prev', alphas_cumprod_prev)
# calculations for diffusion q(x_t | x_{t-1}) and others
self.register_buffer('sqrt_alphas_cumprod', torch.sqrt(alphas_cumprod))
self.register_buffer('sqrt_one_minus_alphas_cumprod', torch.sqrt(1. - alphas_cumprod))
self.register_buffer('log_one_minus_alphas_cumprod', torch.log(1. - alphas_cumprod))
self.register_buffer('sqrt_recip_alphas_cumprod', torch.sqrt(1. / alphas_cumprod))
self.register_buffer('sqrt_recipm1_alphas_cumprod', torch.sqrt(1. / alphas_cumprod - 1))
register_buffer('sqrt_alphas_cumprod', torch.sqrt(alphas_cumprod))
register_buffer('sqrt_one_minus_alphas_cumprod', torch.sqrt(1. - alphas_cumprod))
register_buffer('log_one_minus_alphas_cumprod', torch.log(1. - alphas_cumprod))
register_buffer('sqrt_recip_alphas_cumprod', torch.sqrt(1. / alphas_cumprod))
register_buffer('sqrt_recipm1_alphas_cumprod', torch.sqrt(1. / alphas_cumprod - 1))
# calculations for posterior q(x_{t-1} | x_t, x_0)
@@ -348,13 +380,13 @@ class GaussianDiffusion(nn.Module):
# above: equal to 1. / (1. / (1. - alpha_cumprod_tm1) + alpha_t / beta_t)
self.register_buffer('posterior_variance', posterior_variance)
register_buffer('posterior_variance', posterior_variance)
# below: log calculation clipped because the posterior variance is 0 at the beginning of the diffusion chain
self.register_buffer('posterior_log_variance_clipped', torch.log(posterior_variance.clamp(min =1e-20)))
self.register_buffer('posterior_mean_coef1', betas * torch.sqrt(alphas_cumprod_prev) / (1. - alphas_cumprod))
self.register_buffer('posterior_mean_coef2', (1. - alphas_cumprod_prev) * torch.sqrt(alphas) / (1. - alphas_cumprod))
register_buffer('posterior_log_variance_clipped', torch.log(posterior_variance.clamp(min =1e-20)))
register_buffer('posterior_mean_coef1', betas * torch.sqrt(alphas_cumprod_prev) / (1. - alphas_cumprod))
register_buffer('posterior_mean_coef2', (1. - alphas_cumprod_prev) * torch.sqrt(alphas) / (1. - alphas_cumprod))
def q_mean_variance(self, x_start, t):
mean = extract(self.sqrt_alphas_cumprod, t, x_start.shape) * x_start
@@ -436,6 +468,15 @@ class GaussianDiffusion(nn.Module):
extract(self.sqrt_one_minus_alphas_cumprod, t, x_start.shape) * noise
)
@property
def loss_fn(self):
if self.loss_type == 'l1':
return F.l1_loss
elif self.loss_type == 'l2':
return F.mse_loss
else:
raise ValueError(f'invalid loss type {self.loss_type}')
def p_losses(self, x_start, t, noise = None):
b, c, h, w = x_start.shape
noise = default(noise, lambda: torch.randn_like(x_start))
@@ -443,13 +484,7 @@ class GaussianDiffusion(nn.Module):
x_noisy = self.q_sample(x_start=x_start, t=t, noise=noise)
x_recon = self.denoise_fn(x_noisy, t)
if self.loss_type == 'l1':
loss = (noise - x_recon).abs().mean()
elif self.loss_type == 'l2':
loss = F.mse_loss(noise, x_recon)
else:
raise NotImplementedError()
loss = self.loss_fn(noise, x_recon)
return loss
def forward(self, x, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -472,7 +507,7 @@ class Dataset(data.Dataset):
transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
transforms.CenterCrop(image_size),
transforms.ToTensor(),
transforms.Lambda(lambda t: (t * 2) - 1)
transforms.Lambda(normalize_to_neg_one_to_one)
])
def __len__(self):
@@ -576,11 +611,13 @@ class Trainer(object):
self.step_ema()
if self.step != 0 and self.step % self.save_and_sample_every == 0:
self.ema_model.eval()
milestone = self.step // self.save_and_sample_every
batches = num_to_groups(36, self.batch_size)
all_images_list = list(map(lambda n: self.ema_model.sample(batch_size=n), batches))
all_images = torch.cat(all_images_list, dim=0)
all_images = (all_images + 1) * 0.5
all_images = unnormalize_to_zero_to_one(all_images)
utils.save_image(all_images, str(self.results_folder / f'sample-{milestone}.png'), nrow = 6)
self.save(milestone)
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
import torch
from math import pi, sqrt, log as ln
from inspect import isfunction
from torch import nn, einsum
from einops import rearrange
from denoising_diffusion_pytorch.denoising_diffusion_pytorch import GaussianDiffusion, extract, unnormalize_to_zero_to_one
# constants
NAT = 1. / ln(2)
# helper functions
def exists(x):
return x is not None
def default(val, d):
if exists(val):
return val
return d() if isfunction(d) else d
# tensor helpers
def log(t, eps = 1e-12):
return torch.log(t.clamp(min = eps))
def meanflat(x):
return x.mean(dim = tuple(range(1, len(x.shape))))
def normal_kl(mean1, logvar1, mean2, logvar2):
"""
KL divergence between normal distributions parameterized by mean and log-variance.
"""
return 0.5 * (-1.0 + logvar2 - logvar1 + torch.exp(logvar1 - logvar2) + ((mean1 - mean2) ** 2) * torch.exp(-logvar2))
def approx_standard_normal_cdf(x):
return 0.5 * (1.0 + torch.tanh(sqrt(2.0 / pi) * (x + 0.044715 * (x ** 3))))
def discretized_gaussian_log_likelihood(x, *, means, log_scales, thres = 0.999):
assert x.shape == means.shape == log_scales.shape
centered_x = x - means
inv_stdv = torch.exp(-log_scales)
plus_in = inv_stdv * (centered_x + 1. / 255.)
cdf_plus = approx_standard_normal_cdf(plus_in)
min_in = inv_stdv * (centered_x - 1. / 255.)
cdf_min = approx_standard_normal_cdf(min_in)
log_cdf_plus = log(cdf_plus)
log_one_minus_cdf_min = log(1. - cdf_min)
cdf_delta = cdf_plus - cdf_min
log_probs = torch.where(x < -thres,
log_cdf_plus,
torch.where(x > thres,
log_one_minus_cdf_min,
log(cdf_delta)))
return log_probs
# https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.09672
# i thought the results were questionable, if one were to focus only on FID
# but may as well get this in here for others to try, as GLIDE is using it (and DALL-E2 first stage of cascade)
# gaussian diffusion for learned variance + hybrid eps simple + vb loss
class LearnedGaussianDiffusion(GaussianDiffusion):
def __init__(
self,
denoise_fn,
vb_loss_weight = 0.001, # lambda was 0.001 in the paper
*args,
**kwargs
):
super().__init__(denoise_fn, *args, **kwargs)
assert denoise_fn.out_dim == (denoise_fn.channels * 2), 'dimension out of unet must be twice the number of channels for learned variance - you can also set the `learned_variance` keyword argument on the Unet to be `True`'
self.vb_loss_weight = vb_loss_weight
def q_posterior_mean_variance(self, x_start, x_t, t):
"""
Compute the mean and variance of the diffusion posterior q(x_{t-1} | x_t, x_0)
"""
posterior_mean = (
extract(self.posterior_mean_coef1, t, x_t.shape) * x_start +
extract(self.posterior_mean_coef2, t, x_t.shape) * x_t
)
posterior_variance = extract(self.posterior_variance, t, x_t.shape)
posterior_log_variance_clipped = extract(self.posterior_log_variance_clipped, t, x_t.shape)
return posterior_mean, posterior_variance, posterior_log_variance_clipped
def predict_xstart_from_xprev(self, x_t, t, xprev):
# (xprev - coef2*x_t) / coef1
return (
extract(1. / self.posterior_mean_coef1, t, x_t.shape) * xprev -
extract(self.posterior_mean_coef2 / self.posterior_mean_coef1, t, x_t.shape) * x_t
)
def p_mean_variance(self, *, x, t, clip_denoised, model_output = None):
model_output = default(model_output, lambda: self.denoise_fn(x, t))
pred_noise, var_interp_frac_unnormalized = model_output.chunk(2, dim = 1)
min_log = extract(self.posterior_log_variance_clipped, t, x.shape)
max_log = extract(torch.log(self.betas), t, x.shape)
var_interp_frac = unnormalize_to_zero_to_one(var_interp_frac_unnormalized)
model_log_variance = var_interp_frac * max_log + (1 - var_interp_frac) * min_log
model_variance = model_log_variance.exp()
x_start = self.predict_start_from_noise(x, t, pred_noise)
if clip_denoised:
x_start.clamp_(-1., 1.)
model_mean, _, _ = self.q_posterior(x_start, x, t)
return model_mean, model_variance, model_log_variance
def p_losses(self, x_start, t, noise = None, clip_denoised = False):
noise = default(noise, lambda: torch.randn_like(x_start))
x_t = self.q_sample(x_start = x_start, t = t, noise = noise)
# model output
model_output = self.denoise_fn(x_t, t)
# calculating kl loss for learned variance (interpolation)
true_mean, _, true_log_variance_clipped = self.q_posterior_mean_variance(x_start = x_start, x_t = x_t, t = t)
model_mean, _, model_log_variance = self.p_mean_variance(x = x_t, t = t, clip_denoised = clip_denoised, model_output = model_output)
# kl loss with detached model predicted mean, for stability reasons as in paper
kl = normal_kl(true_mean, true_log_variance_clipped, model_mean.detach(), model_log_variance)
kl = meanflat(kl) * NAT
decoder_nll = -discretized_gaussian_log_likelihood(x_start, means = model_mean, log_scales = 0.5 * model_log_variance)
decoder_nll = meanflat(decoder_nll) * NAT
# at the first timestep return the decoder NLL, otherwise return KL(q(x_{t-1}|x_t,x_0) || p(x_{t-1}|x_t))
vb_losses = torch.where(t == 0, decoder_nll, kl)
# simple loss - predicting noise, x0, or x_prev
pred_noise, _ = model_output.chunk(2, dim = 1)
simple_losses = self.loss_fn(pred_noise, noise)
return simple_losses + vb_losses.mean() * self.vb_loss_weight
+1 -1
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from setuptools import setup, find_packages
setup(
name = 'denoising-diffusion-pytorch',
packages = find_packages(),
version = '0.10.1',
version = '0.14.1',
license='MIT',
description = 'Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models - Pytorch',
author = 'Phil Wang',